Gasoline (American) or petrol (Commonwealth) is a petroleum-derived liquid mixture, primarily used as fuel in internal combustion engines. It is also used as a solvent, mainly known for its ability to dilute paints.
It consists mostly of aliphatic hydrocarbons obtained by the fractional distillation of petroleum, enhanced with iso-octane or the aromatic hydrocarbons toluene and benzene to increase its octane rating. Small quantities of various additives are common, for purposes such as tuning engine performance or reducing harmful exhaust emissions. Some mixtures also contain significant quantities of ethanol as a partial alternative fuel.
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